國(guo)務(wu)院總(zong)理李克(ke)強(qiang)8月23日主持召開國(guo)務(wu)院常務(wu)會(hui)議，部(bu)署(shu)推進央(yang)企深化(hua)改(gai)革降低杠桿工作，促進企業提(ti)質增效(xiao)；聽(ting)取股權期權和分(fen)紅等(deng)激勵政(zheng)策落實與科研項目(mu)及經(jing)費管理制度改(gai)革進展情況匯報，推動(dong)增強(qiang)創新發(fa)展動(dong)力。
    會議指(zhi)出(chu)，央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是國民(min)經濟的(de)(de)骨干，在(zai)國企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改(gai)革(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)(you)(you)引領和(he)示范作(zuo)用。按照黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)、國務(wu)院部(bu)署(shu)，央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)貫(guan)徹新發展(zhan)理念，持(chi)續(xu)(xu)(xu)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)改(gai)革(ge)，深(shen)入推(tui)進供(gong)給(gei)側結構性改(gai)革(ge)，在(zai)化(hua)(hua)解(jie)淘汰過剩落后產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)、防控(kong)債(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)風險、推(tui)進提質(zhi)增(zeng)效(xiao)(xiao)、提高核(he)心競爭力等方(fang)面取(qu)得(de)積(ji)極成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)(xiao)，經營狀況顯(xian)著(zhu)改(gai)善(shan)，今(jin)(jin)年前7個月央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)利(li)(li)潤總額(e)由去年同(tong)期的(de)(de)同(tong)比下(xia)(xia)降3.7%轉(zhuan)(zhuan)為(wei)(wei)同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)16.4%，資(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)比年初下(xia)(xia)降0.2個百(bai)分(fen)點，提質(zhi)增(zeng)效(xiao)(xiao)攻堅戰取(qu)得(de)階段性成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)，成(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)來之不易。當(dang)前要(yao)(yao)抓住央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)(xiao)益轉(zhuan)(zhuan)降回(hui)(hui)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)時(shi)機(ji)(ji)，把(ba)國企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)降杠(gang)桿作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)“去杠(gang)桿”的(de)(de)重(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之重(zhong)，做好(hao)降低央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)工作(zuo)。一要(yao)(yao)建(jian)立(li)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)(de)分(fen)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)警(jing)(jing)戒線管控(kong)制度。對(dui)高于(yu)警(jing)(jing)戒線的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)年度經營業(ye)(ye)(ye)績(ji)考核(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)權重(zhong)，并(bing)嚴(yan)格(ge)把(ba)關主業(ye)(ye)(ye)投資(zi)、嚴(yan)控(kong)非主業(ye)(ye)(ye)投資(zi)、禁止安排推(tui)高負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)投資(zi)項(xiang)目。二(er)要(yao)(yao)建(jian)立(li)多渠道(dao)降低企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)債(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)制。對(dui)效(xiao)(xiao)益增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)較快(kuai)的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)督促(cu)(cu)其在(zai)確保(bao)正常生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營前提下(xia)(xia)利(li)(li)用部(bu)分(fen)利(li)(li)潤降低債(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)。對(dui)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)低于(yu)警(jing)(jing)戒線或盈利(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力較強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，鼓勵其主動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)解(jie)歷史遺(yi)留問題，并(bing)在(zai)當(dang)期損(sun)益中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)消化(hua)(hua)去產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)等改(gai)革(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)。研究出(chu)臺鋼鐵(tie)煤(mei)炭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)解(jie)過剩產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)國有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)處置有(you)(you)(you)關財務(wu)處理辦(ban)法，探索建(jian)立(li)國有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)補充機(ji)(ji)制，妥(tuo)善(shan)解(jie)決企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)發展(zhan)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級所(suo)需資(zi)本(ben)。三要(yao)(yao)積(ji)極穩(wen)(wen)妥(tuo)推(tui)進市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)法治化(hua)(hua)債(zhai)(zhai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)股，督促(cu)(cu)已簽訂的(de)(de)框架協議抓緊落實(shi)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)發展(zhan)前景好(hao)、有(you)(you)(you)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)股意向的(de)(de)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)創新模式，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進債(zhai)(zhai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)股。加(jia)(jia)大央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兼并(bing)重(zhong)組力度，穩(wen)(wen)妥(tuo)實(shi)施(shi)混合所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)制改(gai)革(ge)。支持(chi)債(zhai)(zhai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)股實(shi)施(shi)機(ji)(ji)構多渠道(dao)籌資(zi)。鼓勵國有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)投資(zi)、運營公司及(ji)有(you)(you)(you)條件的(de)(de)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基金采取(qu)各種(zhong)市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)方(fang)式參與債(zhai)(zhai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)股。四(si)要(yao)(yao)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)問責，對(dui)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)持(chi)續(xu)(xu)(xu)攀升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)約談提醒(xing)，對(dui)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)大損(sun)失或不良(liang)影響的(de)(de)嚴(yan)肅(su)追責。與地(di)方(fang)合作(zuo)的(de)(de)項(xiang)目要(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)防增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)地(di)方(fang)政府隱性債(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)。五要(yao)(yao)在(zai)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)新舊(jiu)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)接續(xu)(xu)(xu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)現產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級和(he)降杠(gang)桿。采取(qu)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)措(cuo)施(shi)確保(bao)完成(cheng)(cheng)今(jin)(jin)年化(hua)(hua)解(jie)鋼鐵(tie)煤(mei)炭過剩產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)、處置“僵尸企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)”和(he)治理特困(kun)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)等工作(zuo)任務(wu)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)火電、電解(jie)鋁、建(jian)材(cai)等行業(ye)(ye)(ye)開展(zhan)減量減產(chan)(chan)(chan)，嚴(yan)控(kong)新增(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)。深(shen)入實(shi)施(shi)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國制造(zao)2025”和(he)“互聯網+”，積(ji)極發展(zhan)新產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)態新模式，改(gai)造(zao)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)傳統動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)向數字化(hua)(hua)、網絡化(hua)(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型，增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)發展(zhan)后勁。會議要(yao)(yao)求制定進一步(bu)積(ji)極穩(wen)(wen)妥(tuo)推(tui)進央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)降杠(gang)桿減負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)指(zhi)導意見，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)總體持(chi)續(xu)(xu)(xu)穩(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)降，促(cu)(cu)進高負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)逐步(bu)回(hui)(hui)歸合理水(shui)平(ping)。
    會議(yi)指出(chu)，為深入(ru)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)驅(qu)動發展戰略，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動大(da)眾(zhong)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、萬(wan)眾(zhong)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)，建設創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)型(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)，近(jin)年來股(gu)權期權和(he)(he)分(fen)紅(hong)(hong)等(deng)激(ji)勵政(zheng)(zheng)策相繼出(chu)臺，中央財政(zheng)(zheng)科(ke)(ke)技計(ji)劃(hua)和(he)(he)項目(mu)(mu)資金管(guan)理改革(ge)不斷推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)。下(xia)一步要針(zhen)對政(zheng)(zheng)策落實(shi)(shi)中的(de)(de)難點和(he)(he)堵點，強化督查評估，總結地方經(jing)驗。一要研究(jiu)擴(kuo)大(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)科(ke)(ke)技型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)股(gu)權期權和(he)(he)分(fen)紅(hong)(hong)等(deng)激(ji)勵政(zheng)(zheng)策實(shi)(shi)施(shi)范圍、放寬實(shi)(shi)施(shi)條件(jian)，修訂以(yi)職務科(ke)(ke)技成果作價投資形成的(de)(de)股(gu)權獎(jiang)勵科(ke)(ke)研人員所涉(she)及(ji)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)資產評估備案相關規定，完善(shan)(shan)股(gu)權激(ji)勵和(he)(he)技術入(ru)股(gu)相關所得稅(shui)(shui)政(zheng)(zheng)策，以(yi)改革(ge)新(xin)突破(po)進(jin)一步激(ji)發科(ke)(ke)技人員積極性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造性(xing)(xing)。二要聚焦(jiao)經(jing)濟社會發展重大(da)需求，優化國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)技重大(da)任務布局，健(jian)全公(gong)正科(ke)(ke)學的(de)(de)評審(shen)規則，完善(shan)(shan)科(ke)(ke)研項目(mu)(mu)決策、資源分(fen)配等(deng)機制(zhi)。促進(jin)科(ke)(ke)技與(yu)(yu)經(jing)濟、各(ge)類創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)主體(ti)融通(tong)發展。三要進(jin)一步落實(shi)(shi)好研發費用(yong)加(jia)計(ji)扣(kou)除、高新(xin)技術企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)稅(shui)(shui)收優惠(hui)等(deng)普惠(hui)性(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)策，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動內外(wai)資企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)市場主體(ti)深度(du)參與(yu)(yu)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)。